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CAD/CAM

The acronym CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design today, and the term encompasses a wide range of computer-based tools that assist engineers in their design activities. Integrating Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) with Computer-Aided Design systems produces quicker and more efficient manufacturing processes. This methodology is applied in different manufacturing areas.
 

CAD Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the use of computers to assist the design process. Specialized CAD programs exist for various types of design: architectural, engineering, electronics, roadways, and woven fabrics to name a few. CAD programs usually allow a structure to be built up from several re-usable 3-dimensional components, and the components (such as gears) may be able to move in relation to one another. It is normally possible to generate engineering drawings to allow the final design to be constructed.

When the field was initially established it was typically limited to producing drawings similar to hand drafted drawings. Advances in computer technology have allowed more skillful application of computers in design activities. Today CAD is not limited to drafting and rendering, and it ventures into more "intellectual" areas of designer's expertise. The capabilities of modern CAD systems include :

Reuse of design components (so-called "IP")
Ease of design modification and versioning
Automatical generation of standard components of the design
Validation/verification of designs against specifications and design rules
Simulation of designs without building a physical prototype
Automated design of assemblies, which are collections of parts and/or other assemblies
Output of engineering documentation, such as manufacturing drawings, and Bill of Materials
Output of design directly to manufacturing facilities

Development in CAD resulted in the following tools and methods:

Wireframes
Solid modelling
Intelligent wiring diagrams and production
Linked database systems
Graphically represented system or plant
Diagrams and databases
Parametric design models
Real-time process simulation
Computer numerically controlled (CNC) load files (toolpath instructions)
FEA (Finite Element Analysis)

 
CAM CAD extends its power to yet another branch of engineering called Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM). CAM is a common method of manufacturing used by large corporations. CAD and manufacturing programs are often integrated into one system called CAD-CAM. These systems import CAD drawings into CAM programs to automate, the efficient manufacturing processes. Things taken care of by CAM :

Verification of the data
Panelization of the design to fit the raw material
Ability to edit
Ability to add manufacturing information

Areas of usage :

In Mechanical Engineering
In Electronic Design Automation, CAM tools prepare printed circuit board (PCB) and integrated circuit design data for manufacturing.

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